Building and Validation of an Acute Event Prediction Model for Severe Mental Disorders.

Background: The global incidence of acute events in psychiatric patients is intensifying, and models to successfully predict acute events have attracted much attention. Objective: To explore the influence factors of acute incident severe mental disorders (SMDs) and the application of Rstudio statistical software, and build and verify a nomogram prediction model. Methods: SMDs were taken as research objects. The questionnaire survey method was adopted to collect data. Patients with acute event independent factors were screened. R software multivariable Logistic regression model was constructed and a nomogram was drawn. Results: A total of 342 patients with SMDs were hospitalized, and the number of patients who encountered acute events was 64, which accounted for 18.70% of all patients. Statistical significances were found in many aspects (all P ˂ 0.05). Such aspects included Medication adherence, disease diagnosis, marital status, caregivers, social support and the hospitalization environment (odds ratio (OR) = 4.08, 11.62, 12.06, 10.52, 0.04 and 0.61, respectively) were independent risk factors for the acute events of patients with SMDs. The prediction model was modeled, and the AUC was 0.77 and 0.80. The calibration curve shows that the model has good calibration. The clinical decision curve shows that the model has a good clinical effect. Conclusion: The constructed risk prediction model shows good prediction effectiveness in the acute events of patients with SMDs, which is helpful for the early detection of clinical mental health staff at high risk of acute events.

Theoretical design and evaluation of efficient small donor molecules for organic solar cells.

CONTEXT: The development of high-efficiency photovoltaic devices is the need of time with increasing demand for energy. Herein, we designed seven small molecule donors (SMDs) with A-π-D-π-A backbones containing various acceptor groups for high-efficiency organic solar cells (OSCs). Molecular engineering was performed by substituting the acceptor group in the synthesized compound (BPR) with another highly efficient acceptor group to improve the photoelectric performance of the molecule. METHOD: The photovoltaic, optoelectronic, and photophysical properties of the proposed compounds (BP1-BP7) were investigated in comparison to BPR using DFT and TD-DFT at MPW1PW91/6-311G(d,p) level of theory. All molecules we designed have red-shifted absorption spectra. The modification of the acceptor fragment of the BPR resulted in a reduced HOMO-LUMO energy gap; thus, the designed compounds (BP1-BP7) had improved optoelectronic responses as compared with the BPR molecule. Various key factors that are crucial for efficient SMDs such as exciton binding energy, frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), absorption maximum (λmax), open circuit voltage (VOC), dipole moment (µ), excitation charge mobilities, and the transition density matrix of (BPR, BP1-BP7) have also been studied. Low reorganizational energy (holes and electrons) values provide high charge mobility, and all the designed compounds are efficient in this regard. Here, BP6 exhibits low excitation energy (1.66 eV), highest open circuit voltage (2.00 V), normalized VOC (77.23), and fill factor (0.931). Consequently, the superiority of the designed molecules advises experimenters to envision future developments in extremely effective OSC devices.

Molecular treatment trajectories within psoriatic T lymphocytes: a mini review.

Multiple biological processes in mammalian cells are implicated in psoriasis (Ps) development and progression, as well as in the pathogenic mechanisms associated with this chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disease (IMID). These refer to molecular cascades contributing to the pathological topical and systemic reactions in Ps, where local skin-resident cells derived from peripheral blood and skin-infiltrating cells originating from the circulatory system, in particular T lymphocytes (T cells), are key actors. The interplay between molecular components of T cell signalling transduction and their involvement in cellular cascades (i.e. throughout Ca2+/CaN/NFAT, MAPK/JNK, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, JAK/STAT pathways) has been of concern in the last few years; this is still less characterised than expected, even though some evidence has accumulated to date identifying them as potential objects in the management of Ps. Innovative therapeutic strategies for the use of compounds such as synthetic Small Molecule Drugs (SMDs) and their various combinations proved to be promising tools for the treatment of Ps via incomplete blocking, also known as modulation of disease-associated molecular tracks. Despite recent drug development having mainly centred on biological therapies for Ps, yet displaying serious limitations, SMDs acting on specific pathway factor isoforms or single effectors within T cell, could represent a valid innovation in real-world treatment patterns in patients with Ps. Of note, due to the intricate crosstalk between intracellular pathways, the use of selective agents targeting proper tracks is, in our opinion, a challenge for modern science regarding the prevention of disease at its onset and also in the prediction of patient response to Ps treatment.

Assembly of Surface-Mounted Devices on Flexible Substrates by Isotropic Conductive Adhesive and Solder and Lifetime Characterization.

The assembly of passive components on flexible electronics is essential for the functionalization of circuits. For this purpose, adhesive bonding technology by isotropic conductive adhesive (ICA) is increasingly used in addition to soldering processes. Nevertheless, a comparative study, especially for bending characterization, is not available. In this paper, soldering and conductive adhesive bonding of 0603 and 0402 components on flexible polyimide substrates is compared using the design of experiments methods (DoE), considering failure for shear strength and bending behavior. Various solder pastes and conductive adhesives are used. Process variation also includes curing and soldering profiles, respectively, amount of adhesive, and final surface metallization. Samples created with conductive adhesive H20E, a large amount of adhesive, and a faster curing profile could achieve the highest shear strength. In the bending characterization using adhesive bonding, samples on immersion silver surface finish withstood more cycles to failure than samples on bare copper surface. In comparison, the samples soldered to bare copper surface finish withstood more cycles to failure than the soldered samples on immersion silver surface finish.

MSPJ: Discovering potential biomarkers in small gene expression datasets via ensemble learning.

In transcriptomics, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) provide fine-grained phenotypic resolution for comparisons between groups and insights into molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of complex diseases or phenotypes. The robust detection of DEGs from large datasets is well-established. However, owing to various limitations (e.g., the low availability of samples for some diseases or limited research funding), small sample size is frequently used in experiments. Therefore, methods to screen reliable and stable features are urgently needed for analyses with limited sample size. In this study, MSPJ, a new machine learning approach for identifying DEGs was proposed to mitigate the reduced power and improve the stability of DEG identification in small gene expression datasets. This ensemble learning-based method consists of three algorithms: an improved multiple random sampling with meta-analysis, SVM-RFE (support vector machines-recursive feature elimination), and permutation test. MSPJ was compared with ten classical methods by 94 simulated datasets and large-scale benchmarking with 165 real datasets. The results showed that, among these methods MSPJ had the best performance in most small gene expression datasets, especially those with sample size below 30. In summary, the MSPJ method enables effective feature selection for robust DEG identification in small transcriptome datasets and is expected to expand research on the molecular mechanisms underlying complex diseases or phenotypes.

Multiple percutaneous coronary interventions worsen outcomes for subsequent surgical correction of chronic ischemic mitral regurgitation.

Objective: We investigated whether or not a history of multiple percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) is associated with clinical outcomes after surgery for ischemic mitral regurgitation. Methods: A total of 309 patients with chronic ischemic mitral regurgitation and left ventricular ejection fraction ≤40% who underwent restrictive mitral annuloplasty were classified as follows: patients with no or 1 previous PCI (nonmultiple PCI group [n = 211]) and patients with 2 or more previous PCIs (multiple PCIs group [n = 98]). Mean follow-up duration was 53 ± 40 months. Results: Before surgery, there were no intergroup differences in patient demographic characteristics except for lower estimated glomerular filtration rate in patients with multiple PCIs. These patients underwent concomitant coronary artery bypass grafting less frequently with a lower number of distal anastomoses (P < .05 for both). The 30-day mortality was 3.3% and 2.0% in the nonmultiple and multiple PCIs group, respectively (P = .72). During follow-up, there were 157 deaths. Patients with multiple PCIs showed lower 5-year survival rate (44% vs 64%; P = .002). After adjustments with inverse-probability-of-treatment weighting, multiple PCIs history was an independent risk factor for mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.4; 95% confidential interval, 1.1-1.7; P = .002). Patients with multiple PCIs showed less improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction (interaction effect P < .001). Conclusions: In patients with ischemic mitral regurgitation, a history of previous multiple PCIs was associated with increased risk of long-term postoperative mortality, with less improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction.

[Efficacy and safety of smiltiorrhizadepsidesal combined with conventional western medicine treatment for stable angina pectoris].

In recent years, Chinese patent medicines such as smiltiorrhizadepsidesal(SMDS) injection are combined with western medicine to achieve good clinical efficacy for stable angina pectoris(SAP). SMDS is prepared by the water-soluble active ingredients extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza, with the functions of promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis and activating blood vessels, and it is used to treat type ⅠSAP and type ⅡSAP. The efficacy and safety of SMDS combined with simple routine western medicine for SAP were investigated by searching PubMed, EMbase, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, WanFang Data and CBM Database. SMDS combined with conventional western medicine treatment showed better efficacy for SAP as compared with western medicine alone, and better than other traditional Chinese medicines(such as Danshen injection and compound Danshen injection) combined with conventional western medicine. It was found that SMDS had a positive role in reducing blood viscosity, atherosclerosis, and improving microcirculation. The reported adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of SMDS combined with conventional western medicine therapy in clinical research were basically the same with ADRs reported by spontaneous reporting system(SRS) warning signals. Overall, SMDS combined with conventional western medicine had low incidence of ADR and no serious ADR occurred for SAP treatment in clinical trials. Currently, some drugs related to cardiovascular diseases such as ascinepazidemaleate injection, sodium succinate, propafenone hydrochloride and papaverine hydrochloride injection combined with SMDS have incompatibility, which should be highly emphasized in clinical use.

Efficacy and safety of smiltiorrhizadepsidesal combined with conventional western medicine treatment for stable angina pectoris / 中国中药杂志

In recent years, Chinese patent medicines such as smiltiorrhizadepsidesal(SMDS) injection are combined with western medicine to achieve good clinical efficacy for stable angina pectoris(SAP). SMDS is prepared by the water-soluble active ingredients extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza, with the functions of promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis and activating blood vessels, and it is used to treat type ⅠSAP and type ⅡSAP. The efficacy and safety of SMDS combined with simple routine western medicine for SAP were investigated by searching PubMed, EMbase, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, WanFang Data and CBM Database. SMDS combined with conventional western medicine treatment showed better efficacy for SAP as compared with western medicine alone, and better than other traditional Chinese medicines(such as Danshen injection and compound Danshen injection) combined with conventional western medicine. It was found that SMDS had a positive role in reducing blood viscosity, atherosclerosis, and improving microcirculation. The reported adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of SMDS combined with conventional western medicine therapy in clinical research were basically the same with ADRs reported by spontaneous reporting system(SRS) warning signals. Overall, SMDS combined with conventional western medicine had low incidence of ADR and no serious ADR occurred for SAP treatment in clinical trials. Currently, some drugs related to cardiovascular diseases such as ascinepazidemaleate injection, sodium succinate, propafenone hydrochloride and papaverine hydrochloride injection combined with SMDS have incompatibility, which should be highly emphasized in clinical use.

The variance of HSP70 in cardiac cells of SMDS victims / 中国法医学杂志

Objective This article aims to explore the role of HSP70 in the developing mechanism of SMDS(sudden manhood death syndrome,SMDS)and to investigate the value of it in the early diagnosis of SMDS.Methods By way of immunohistochemieal staining of left,right ventricular musles,sino atrial node and atrioventricular node from 30 cases of SMDS group and 20 cases of control group,we observed and measured the expression of HSP70 and its variance of intensity with graphical analysis software.Results Compared with the control group cases,in cardiac conduction system tissue of SMDS victims.we saw an obviously higher expression and intensity of HSP70(P<0.05).Conclusion As a kind of mediator in stress reaction,HSP70 is involved in the process of protecting the heart from impairment in SMDS,and it can be considerated as a reference index to identify the SMDS.

Gastric ulcers in pigs affected with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome / Úlceras gástricas em suínos afetados pela síndrome multissistêmica do definhamento

Samples of gastric lymph nodes and the stomachs from 24 pigs selected from herds affected by postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) and sudden death associated with gastric ulcers were studied. Pigs were selected on the basis of unthriftiness, decreased feed intake, and wasting. The stomachs were opened, inverted, and classified into 0-3 score according the severity of the gross lesions present in pars oesophagica (non-glandulargastric mucosa). Selected samples were processed for paraffin embedding and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Immunohistochemistry using anti-PCV2 (porcine circovírus type 2) antibody, anti-Helicobacter pylori antibody and a wide-spectrum anti-cytokeratin antibody was performed. Gross changes in pars oesophagea were classified according to the severity of lesions as score 3, 2, and 1 in 8, 6, 5 stomachs respectivelly. Microscopically, hyperplastic lymphoid follicles, lymphohistiocytic inflammatory infiltrates and focci of necrosis in the gastric mucosa were common findings. Large amounts of PCV2 antigen were observed in the cytoplasm and nuclei from intralesional cells and debris from the gastric glandular mucosal zone; however, in the fundus, anti-PCV2 immunostaining was restricted to the surface mucosal cells and foveolar compartment. All gastric lymph nodes were positive for PCV2 antigen. Anti-H. pylori immunostaining was seen in eleven cases, mainly in the antrum, on the mucosal surface and foveolar compartment. The association of the anti-PCV2 immunostaining with the glandular mucus-producing cells suggests a role for PCV2 as an additional factor for the swine ulcer development.(AU)

Amostras de linfonodos gástricos e os estômagos de 24 leitões selecionados de rebanhos afetados pela síndrome multissistêmica do definhamento suíno e mortes súbitas por úlceras gástricas foram estudados. Os animais foram seleciona dos por baixa performance, baixo consumo de alimento e desnutrição. Os estômagos foram abertos, invertidos e classificados, conforme a severidade das lesões presentes na pars oesophagica (porção não-glandular da mucosa gástrica). Amostras selecionadas foram processadas por método histológico convencional para coloração de hematoxilina-eosina. Testes imuno-histoquímicos utilizando anticorpos anti-PCV2 (circovírus suíno tipo 2), anti-Helicobacter pylori e anticitoqueratina de largo espectro foram feitos. As alterações macroscópicas na pars oesophagica foram classificadas como de escore 3, 2 e 1 respectivamente em 8, 6 e 5 estômagos. Microscopicamente, foram notados folículos linfóides hiperplásicos, infiltrados linfohistiocitários e focos de necrose na mucosa gástrica. Grandes quantidades de antígeno do PCV2 foram observadas no citoplasma, núcleo e restos necróticos de células intralesionais das glândulas gástricas nas regiões do antro e cárdia; entretanto, na região do fundo, a marcação anti-PCV2 foi restrita às células da superfície mucosa e fossetas gástricas. Todos os linfonodos gástricos foram positivos para PCV2. Coloração anti-H. pylori foi identificada em 11 casos, principalmente, na superfície mucosa e fossetas gástricas no antro. A associação de antígenos PCV2 com células produtoras de muco lesadas na zona glandular gástrica sugere o envolvimento de PCV2 como um fator adicional para o desenvolvimento da úlcera gástrica suína.(AU)

Associação entre otites bacterianas e infecção pelo circovírus suíno tipo 2 (PCV2) em suínos / Association between bacterial otitis and porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) infection in pigs

Neste trabalho, foi estudada a ocorrência e a bacteriologia das otites purulentas em suínos apresentando três condições clínico-patológicas distintas: síndrome multissistêmica do definhamento dos suínos (SMDS), crescimento retardado (porém sem apresentação de sinais clínicos da SMDS) e crescimento normal. No total, foram examinados 385 animais com idade de 60-130 dias, sendo a confirmação do diagnóstico da SMDS obtida pelos sinais clínicos e achados patológicos e pela detecção de antígenos virais por imunoistoquímica. De 242 animais com a SMDS, 57 (23,5 por cento) apresentaram lesões purulentas no ouvido médio. Entre os 119 animais de baixo desenvolvimento, apenas 1 (0,7 por cento) apresentou a lesão. Não foram detectadas lesões macroscópicas no ouvido médio dos 24 animais com crescimento normal. Os agentes isolados com maior freqüência foram Arcanobacterium pyogenes (43 por cento), Streptococcus α-hemolíticos (37,2 por cento) e Pasteurella multocida (27,9 por cento) dos 86 ouvidos submetidos à bacteriologia. A alta ocorrência de lesões purulentas no ouvido médio de animais com a SMDS sugere que a infecção pelo PCV2 pode tornar o suíno mais suscetível às otites bacterianas. A ocorrência reduzida dessas lesões em suínos de baixo desenvolvimento, sem a manifestação clínica da SMDS, sugere que a otite média não representa uma causa importante de mau desempenho em leitões nas fases de crescimento e terminação. O envolvimento de A. pyogenes, Streptococcus α-hemolíticos e P. multocida na maioria das lesões apontam a importância desses organismos como agentes causais de otite média em suínos.(AU)

The occurrence and bacteriology of purulent otitis in groups of pigs affected by three different clinical conditions are described: postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), depressed growth (attrition) and normal growth (control). A total of 385 animals, 60-130 days of age, were examined. Diagnosis of PMWS was confirmed by the presence of clinical signs and pathological findings compatible with the disease, and through detection of viral antigens in tissues by immunohistochemistry. From 242 pigs with PMWS, 57 (23.5 percent) showed purulent lesions in the middle ear. Among 119 pigs with attrition, only 1 (0.7 percent) presented the lesion. In 24 control pigs, middle ear lesions were not detected. The most frequently isolated agents from the lesions were Arcanobacterium pyogenes (43 percent), á-hemolytic Streptococci (37.2 percent) and Pasteurella multocida (27.9 percent) out of 86 materials. The frequent occurrence of purulent lesions in the middle ear of PMWS affected pigs suggests that PCV2 infection may increase the susceptibility to bacterial otitis. The low occurrence of this disease in piglets with attrition suggests that otitis does not represent a significant cause for depressed growth in pigs from growing and finishing age. The isolation of A. pyogenes, á-hemolytic Streptococci and P. multocida from most of the lesions emphasizes the importance of these organisms as causal agents of otitis media in swine.(AU)

Intestinal lesions in pigs affected with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome / Lesões entéricas em suínos afetados por síndrome multissistêmica do definhamento dos suínos

Samples of mesenteric lymph nodes and intestines from 79 unthrifty 3- to 5-month-old postweaning pigs, confirmed as naturally affected with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), were studied. Pigs originated from 12 farms in southern Brazil and were selected on the basis of clinical signs and/or gross lesions suggestive of enteric disorder. Lymphohistiocytic infiltrates of varying intensity were associated with anti-porcine circovirus type 2 (anti-PCV2) immunostaining (IS) in samples of intestines and mesenteric lymph nodes from all pigs. Although most findings were similar to those described in PCV2-associated enteritis, anti-PCV2 IS in association with depletion of the goblet cell mucin stores (24 pigs), diffuse ileal villous atrophy and fusion (18 pigs), and dilatation of the lymphatic vessels (11 pigs) combined or not with lymphangitis were also observed. PCV2 antigen was immunohistochemically demonstrated in the cytoplasm and nuclei from intralesional epithelial cells, histiocytes, and endothelial-like cells in intestinal tissues. Together these findings imply an association with PCV2. The presence of co-infections by Lawsonia intracellularis, Brachyspira spp., Mycobacterium spp., Salmonella spp., rotavirus, parvovirus, coronavirus and enteric calicivirus with PCV2 in the intestinal lesions was investigated.

Amostras de linfonodos mesentéricos e intestinos de 79 leitões desmamados refugos, entre 3 e 5 meses de idade e confirmados como naturalmente afetados pela síndrome multissistêmica do definhamento foram estudadas. Os suínos eram oriundos de 12 criações no sul do país e foram selecionados em função dos sinais clínicos e/ou lesões macroscópicas sugestivos de doença entérica. Infiltrados linfoistiocíticos de intensidades variáveis foram associados com marcação positiva anti-circovirus suíno tipo 2 (anti-PCV2) em amostras de intestinos e linfonodos mesentéricos de todos os 79 animais. Embora a maioria dos achados fossem semelhantes aos descritos em enterite associada com PCV2, marcação imuno-histoquímica anti-PCV2 foi associada com depleção de células caliciformes (24 suínos), atrofia e fusão de vilosidades do íleo (18 suínos) e dilatação de vasos linfáticos (11 suínos) combinada ou não com linfangite. Antígenos de PCV2 foram demonstrados por imuno-histoquímica no citoplasma e núcleo de células epiteliais intralesionais, histiócitos e células tipo endotelial em tecidos intestinais. Em conjunto, esses resultados sugerem que as lesões estavam associadas com PCV2. A presença de co-infecções por Lawsonia intracellularis, Brachyspira spp., Mycobacterium spp., Salmonella spp., rotavírus, parvovírus, coronavírus e calicivírus entérico com PCV2 nas lesões intestinais foi investigada.

Study on the changes of actin, serum albnmin, fibronectin in cardiac cells and cardiac conducting system in cases with sudden manhood death syndrome / 中国法医学杂志

Objective To investigate the changes of actin (HHF35), serum albumin (A1), fibronectin (Fn) in cardiac cells and cardiac conducting sysytem (CCS) in order to probe into postmortem diagnosis of sudden manhood death syndrome (SMDS). Methods Immunohistochemical detections of actin, serum albumin and fibronectin (Fn) in the cardiac cells and CCS were performed by S-P method in cases with SMDS and cases died from coronary heart disease and non-cardiovascular diseases which were used as the control. Results Of the 22 cases with SMDS, 17 were found of actin-negative staining, 18 serum albumin-positive and 15 Fn-positive staining with evident pathological lesions in CCS in 8 cases. Conclusion It is suggested that SMDS is associated with early myocardial ischemia or infarction, which results in abnormality in actin, serum albumin and fibronectin (Fn) in the cardiac cells and CCS.

Dependence analysis between sudden manhood death syndrome and mutation of SCN5A / 中国法医学杂志

In resent years, the accounts about adults' sudden death without specific reason have been increased. The definition of cause of death was a hot potato to legal medical experts. With the deep - going of etiology to molecular level, clinical cardiac diseases' researches have confirmed that the arrhythmia has been resulted from a kind of " idiopathic disorder of cardiac action potential" that is related to cardiac sodium channel diseases by SCN5A mutation confirmed by using the techniques of molecular genetics. The paper reviewed the characteristic of SMDS ( Sudden Manhood Death Syndrome) in forensic science and some kinds of diseases' genotype and phenotype in clinical medicine, and hoped to acquire some revelation for further related research.